კონფერენცია

∘ Tengiz Kavtaradze ∘
GREEN ECONOMY FORMATION PROBLEMS IN GEORGIA

Summary

Green economy is economic development model, which dependes on sustainable development and on the knowledge of ecological economy. This economy differs from other fields, that primery assesses countrie`s natulald capital. Green economy makes green working places, provides real, sustainable economic development and reduces pollution of environment, global warming, degradation of environment and prevents the risk of disposing of recources. Green economy gives incentive and motivation to bussines to manufacture product and service.

The green economy is considered to be the component of economic theory where it is represented as a part of the ecosystem. According to the classical economy it is not reviewed independently, but as a component of science, in particular, considering that traditionally land as one of the factors of production involves natural capital and is related to the second factor of production - labor. It is particularly noteworthy that in 2010 the major institutions of the Bretton Woods system, the World Bank and the Monetary Fund expressed great interest in assessing global biodiversity, which means its active funding.

The green economy does not distinguish the state and the private sector. It tries to find a positive alternative to the economic solution. The main regulator of the green economy is not a state or private business, but a society that chooses and manages it.

It is not possible not to evaluate the need for qualitative changes, communication with traditional knowledge and experience of non-formal institutions (traditions, stereo types, etc.). The talk is about re-use of traditional knowledge and culture, characterized by resource savings. They are adapted to difficult natural - climatic conditions. All of this has been accumulated forever in the northern Russian and foreign countries. For example, the traditional covering of houses using wooden material, skins, snow, and others. In Svaneti people still live in machubi, the underground traditional settlements are found in Javakheti, the bany houses - in Upper Mtianeti. The great and unique potential of this knowledge and technology is weakly reflected or difficult to find in modern housing construction standards. Their effective use would significantly reduce the price of energy efficient system.

Improvement of energy efficiency in municipal buildings in the green economy is a priority of Tbilisi City Hall. Current initiatives and programs will help the City Hall to fulfill the obligations taken by the country in the field of energy efficiency. Energy resources management systems are the means to make decision on financing alternative sources of energy. The use of this instrument will also help the city municipality to make the right decision on modernization of multi-storey buildings. It is important to encourage energy efficient initiatives of residential buildings (eg heating boilers, lighting, different types of technical equipment) and improve thermal characteristics of the building. This task can be achieved through consultations with the Association of House Owners and Private Owners and through financial mechanisms for rehabilitation of the building.

About 9 million tourists visit Georgia every year. In order to enhance the production of meat, it is necessary to introduce in pig-breeding farms the removal of pigs in the early years. Now in the US, European countries and Russian cities are actively processing waste. For example, according to St. Petersburg Unplanned Food Production office, by St. Petersburg suburban farms, an average of 1800,000 tons of food is consumed per year, which is equivalent of approximately 360000 tons of grain or 60000 tons of pork meat.

The management of Tbilisi Municipality has recently signed an agreement with the Austrian company for the construction of waste processing and energy generating enterprise at a new landfill of Tbilisi. It is planned that the new factory will process the urban municipal waste (which is 1000 tonnes per day); 80% of them are organic waste. The enterprise will use mechanical biological treatment and convert 200 tonnes of waste daily into high-quality diesel fuel (Euro 5) and asphalt. Approximately 10% of the fuel produced is used for the purposes of the enterprise. The metal, glass and plastic bottles will be separated at the scene and exported to international market.

At present, grain production in the USA has increased to 400 million tons, from which 126 million tons are sent to the fuel production plants. This is not just an American phenomenon: Brazil is actively involved in the processing of sugar cane, and in 2020 the EU plans to receive 10% of the energy renewable sources, mainly from biofuel. Similar to the experience of the US and other European countries, the food processing plants in pig-breeding farms should be arranged to expand the food production in large cities and landfills. They would be able to supply large amounts of cheap and low-cost meals to the pig farms of the republic.

Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Paata Gugushvili Institute of Economics International Scientific C O N F E R E N C E S "ECONOMY – XXI CENTURY"

E ISSN 2587 - 4691	∘ Tengiz Kavtaradze ∘ GREEN ECONOMY FORMATION PROBLEMS IN GEORGIA Summary Green economy is economic development model, which dependes on sustainable development and on the knowledge of ecological economy. This economy differs from other fields, that primery assesses countrie`s natulald capital. Green economy makes green working places, provides real, sustainable economic development and reduces pollution of environment, global warming, degradation of environment and prevents the risk of disposing of recources. Green economy gives incentive and motivation to bussines to manufacture product and service. The green economy is considered to be the component of economic theory where it is represented as a part of the ecosystem. According to the classical economy it is not reviewed independently, but as a component of science, in particular, considering that traditionally land as one of the factors of production involves natural capital and is related to the second factor of production - labor. It is particularly noteworthy that in 2010 the major institutions of the Bretton Woods system, the World Bank and the Monetary Fund expressed great interest in assessing global biodiversity, which means its active funding. The green economy does not distinguish the state and the private sector. It tries to find a positive alternative to the economic solution. The main regulator of the green economy is not a state or private business, but a society that chooses and manages it. It is not possible not to evaluate the need for qualitative changes, communication with traditional knowledge and experience of non-formal institutions (traditions, stereo types, etc.). The talk is about re-use of traditional knowledge and culture, characterized by resource savings. They are adapted to difficult natural - climatic conditions. All of this has been accumulated forever in the northern Russian and foreign countries. For example, the traditional covering of houses using wooden material, skins, snow, and others. In Svaneti people still live in machubi, the underground traditional settlements are found in Javakheti, the bany houses - in Upper Mtianeti. The great and unique potential of this knowledge and technology is weakly reflected or difficult to find in modern housing construction standards. Their effective use would significantly reduce the price of energy efficient system. Improvement of energy efficiency in municipal buildings in the green economy is a priority of Tbilisi City Hall. Current initiatives and programs will help the City Hall to fulfill the obligations taken by the country in the field of energy efficiency. Energy resources management systems are the means to make decision on financing alternative sources of energy. The use of this instrument will also help the city municipality to make the right decision on modernization of multi-storey buildings. It is important to encourage energy efficient initiatives of residential buildings (eg heating boilers, lighting, different types of technical equipment) and improve thermal characteristics of the building. This task can be achieved through consultations with the Association of House Owners and Private Owners and through financial mechanisms for rehabilitation of the building. About 9 million tourists visit Georgia every year. In order to enhance the production of meat, it is necessary to introduce in pig-breeding farms the removal of pigs in the early years. Now in the US, European countries and Russian cities are actively processing waste. For example, according to St. Petersburg Unplanned Food Production office, by St. Petersburg suburban farms, an average of 1800,000 tons of food is consumed per year, which is equivalent of approximately 360000 tons of grain or 60000 tons of pork meat. The management of Tbilisi Municipality has recently signed an agreement with the Austrian company for the construction of waste processing and energy generating enterprise at a new landfill of Tbilisi. It is planned that the new factory will process the urban municipal waste (which is 1000 tonnes per day); 80% of them are organic waste. The enterprise will use mechanical biological treatment and convert 200 tonnes of waste daily into high-quality diesel fuel (Euro 5) and asphalt. Approximately 10% of the fuel produced is used for the purposes of the enterprise. The metal, glass and plastic bottles will be separated at the scene and exported to international market. At present, grain production in the USA has increased to 400 million tons, from which 126 million tons are sent to the fuel production plants. This is not just an American phenomenon: Brazil is actively involved in the processing of sugar cane, and in 2020 the EU plans to receive 10% of the energy renewable sources, mainly from biofuel. Similar to the experience of the US and other European countries, the food processing plants in pig-breeding farms should be arranged to expand the food production in large cities and landfills. They would be able to supply large amounts of cheap and low-cost meals to the pig farms of the republic.